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Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ((アラビア語:زين العابدين بن علي), '; born 3 September 1936) was the second President of Tunisia from 1987 to 2011. Ben Ali was appointed Prime Minister in October 1987, and he assumed the Presidency on 7 November 1987 in a bloodless coup d'état that ousted President Habib Bourguiba, who was declared incompetent. Ben Ali was subsequently reelected with enormous majorities, each time exceeding 90% of the vote; the final re-election was on 25 October 2009. On 14 January 2011, following a month of protests against his rule, he was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia along with his wife Leïla Ben Ali and their three children. The interim Tunisian government asked for Interpol to issue an international arrest warrant, charging him for money laundering and drugs trafficking. A Tunisian court sentenced Ben Ali and his wife ''in absentia'' to 35 years in prison on 20 June 2011 on charges of theft and unlawful possession of cash and jewellery.〔〔 In June 2012, a Tunisian court sentenced him ''in absentia'' to life imprisonment for inciting violence and murder and another life sentence by a military court on April 2013 for violent repression of protests in Sfax. ==Education and military career== Ben Ali never completed secondary school, but was nevertheless awarded training in France at Special Inter-service School in Coëtquidan and the Artillery School in Châlons-sur-Marne, and also in the USA at the Senior Intelligence School in Maryland and the School for Anti-Aircraft Field Artillery in Texas. His professional military career began in 1964 as a Tunisian staff officer. During his time in military service, he established the Military Security Department and directed its operations for 10 years. He briefly served as military attaché to Morocco and Spain before being appointed General Director of National Security in 1977.〔(Ben Ali's biography: ''Zine El Abidine Bin Ali, President of the Tunisian Republic'' ) at Changement.tn, 2009 〕 In 1980 Ben Ali was appointed Ambassador to Poland, and served there for four years.〔 After the Tunisian bread riots in January 1984 he was reappointed director-general of national security. Ben Ali subsequently served as Minister of State in charge of the interior before being appointed Interior Minister on 28 April 1986 then Prime Minister by President Habib Bourguiba in October 1987.〔(Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali Biography ) Biography.com〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zine El Abidine Ben Ali」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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